2018 GS P4 PYQ Solution, PYQs Solution
Q.4. Examine the ethical and social ideas of Gandhi.
Mahatma Gandhi, a great philosopher, political leader, spiritual guide, and social reformer, left a profound impact on the world with his practical ethical and social ideas. Some of these ideas are:
- Non-violence (Ahimsa):
- Gandhi believed in the principle of non-violence, which extended to thoughts, words, and actions.
- Non-violence was both a physical and spiritual concept.
- It was the weapon of the strong, not the weak.
- Gandhi’s non-violence was rooted in universal love, even for enemies.
- Truthfulness (Satyagraha):
- Truth was the highest value among moral principles.
- Satyagraha meant holding the truth firmly.
- It involved appealing from the heart and using non-violent means to achieve justice.
- Gandhi believed that truth would ultimately triumph over oppressors.
- Means and Ends:
- Gandhi emphasized the purity of both means and ends.
- Proper ends could not be achieved through improper means.
- For long-term sustainability, the struggle (means) must also be pure.
- Welfare of All (Sarvodaya):
- Gandhi advocated for the welfare of all, regardless of social status.
- Basic necessities like food, shelter, and healthcare should be accessible to everyone.
- Reducing inequality and promoting the rights of weaker sections were essential.
- Self-Rule (Swaraj):
- Gandhi envisioned self-rule based on decentralized governance and community strength.
- People should take responsibility for their own governance.
- Swaraj meant self-reliance and active participation in decision-making.
- Ashram Life:
- Gandhi lived a simple life in ashrams (communities).
- Working together for the common good was central.
- Simplicity, self-discipline, and service were key principles.
In summary, Gandhi’s ethical and social ideas emphasized truth, non-violence, welfare for all, and self-rule. His practical application of these principles continues to inspire generations.
