Q.5. Discuss the meaning of colour-coded weather warnings for cyclone prone areas given by India Meteorological Department. [UPSC 2022 GS P-1]

The India Meteorological Department (IMD) issues color-coded weather warnings to alert people and authorities in cyclone-prone areas about impending weather conditions. These warnings are based on the severity of the cyclone and its potential impact, enabling precautionary measures and disaster preparedness. The color codes indicate the level of threat and urgency, with each color representing a different level of risk.

Color-Coded Weather Warnings by IMD

1. Green Warning (No Action Needed):
   • Meaning: No significant weather is expected, and there is no immediate threat to life or property.
   • Actions: Routine monitoring, normal activities can continue.
2. Yellow Warning (Be Updated):
   • Meaning: This is an early alert indicating potentially hazardous weather conditions. Cyclones or storms might develop, but their impact is not yet clear.
   • Purpose: To keep people informed about worsening weather and advise them to stay updated.
   • Actions: Authorities and citizens should be alert and continue monitoring weather updates. Fishermen and coastal communities are often advised to avoid venturing into the sea.
3. Orange Warning (Be Prepared):
   • Meaning: Cyclones or severe weather events are likely, with a high chance of significant impacts on life and property. Strong winds, heavy rainfall, and possible flooding are expected.
   • Purpose: To prompt action and preparation for potentially dangerous conditions.
   • Actions: Local authorities should prepare for emergency management, including evacuation plans, and people should stay indoors or move to safe shelters. Fishermen should return to shore, and outdoor activities should be avoided.
4. Red Warning (Take Action):
   • Meaning: This is the highest level of alert, indicating an imminent or ongoing extremely severe cyclone or weather event with catastrophic potential.
   • Purpose: To prompt immediate emergency action to protect lives and minimize damage.
   • Actions: Authorities should implement full disaster management and evacuation plans. People should move to safer locations, and all outdoor activities should cease. Communication should be maintained with local disaster management agencies, and relief measures should be initiated.

Summary of Actions Associated with Each Color:

• Green: No significant weather threats; normalcy.
• Yellow: Stay informed and be cautious.
• Orange: Prepare for potential severe weather impacts.
• Red: Immediate action required; take all precautions to ensure safety.

These warnings are critical for cyclone-prone areas as they help reduce the risk to life, mitigate damage, and allow authorities to mobilize resources in advance of a cyclone’s landfall.