Q.4. “Communal violence is instigated by religious fanatics, initiated by anti-social elements, supported by political activists, financed by vested interests.” Comment.

The given statement highlights the complex dynamics behind communal violence. Let’s break it down:

1. Religious Fanatics:
   • Religious extremists often exploit differences in faith to incite violence.
   • Their zealotry blinds them to the shared humanity and common values across religions.
   • By manipulating religious sentiments, they fuel communal tensions.
2. Anti-Social Elements:
   • Miscreants, driven by personal vendettas or criminal intent, take advantage of communal fault lines.
   • They engage in violence, looting, and destruction, further escalating tensions.
   • Their actions disrupt social harmony and exacerbate existing conflicts.
3. Political Activists:
   • Some politicians exploit communal divisions for electoral gains.
   • They use inflammatory rhetoric, polarizing communities to consolidate their vote banks.
   • Such opportunistic behavior perpetuates violence.
4. Vested Interests:
   • Economic interests, land disputes, or power struggles often underlie communal clashes.
   • Business tycoons, local elites, or hidden power brokers may fund violence to protect their stakes.
   • These vested interests perpetuate instability.

In summary, communal violence is a multifaceted issue, involving religious zealots, anti-social elements, opportunistic politicians, and hidden financiers. Addressing it requires a holistic approach that tackles root causes and promotes understanding among communities.