Q8. India-Maldives relations are linked to mutual interests. Explain.

India and the Maldives share a deep and long-standing relationship based on shared ethnic, linguistic, and cultural ties. Despite recent political frictions, the relationship remains anchored in strong mutual interests, primarily in the domains of security, economy, and regional stability.

Linkages of Mutual Interest

• Strategic and Security Interest:
  • Maldives’ Interest: As a small island nation, Maldives relies on India for its security and defense. India was the first to respond during the 1988 coup attempt (Operation Cactus) and the 2014 Malé water crisis (Operation Neer).
  • India’s Interest: Maldives is strategically located near major shipping lanes in the Indian Ocean. A stable and friendly Maldives is crucial for India’s “Neighbourhood First” policy and its vision of SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region). India seeks to counter China’s growing influence (‘String of Pearls’) in the region.
• Economic Interest:
  • Maldives’ Interest: India is a major trade partner and a key source of tourists. India has provided substantial financial aid and lines of credit for critical infrastructure projects (e.g., the Greater Malé Connectivity Project).
  • India’s Interest: India aims to be a leading development partner, strengthening economic ties and integrating the region.
• Shared Challenges:
  • Both nations face common threats such as maritime terrorism, piracy, drug trafficking, and the existential threat of climate change and rising sea levels. This necessitates close cooperation in maritime surveillance and disaster management.

Conclusion

While political alignments in Malé may shift, the fundamental, non-negotiable mutual interests in maritime security, economic development, and regional stability ensure that India and the Maldives remain indispensable partners, forming the bedrock of their bilateral relations.