Q. Give justification for India’s claim for permanent membership of the United Nations Security Council.

India’s claim for permanent membership of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is rooted in several justifications that reflect its global standing, contributions to international peace and security, and commitment to multilateralism. Here are key justifications for India’s claim:

1. Population and Size:

• Demographic Significance: India is the world’s largest democracy and the second-most populous country, representing approximately 18% of the world’s population. Its sheer size and demographic diversity make it a significant global player.

2. Economic Power:

• Emerging Economy: India is one of the fastest-growing major economies globally, with a large and growing GDP. It has become a hub for innovation, technology, and entrepreneurship, contributing significantly to global economic growth.

3. Regional Influence:

• South Asian Leadership: India plays a pivotal role in South Asia and has substantial influence in the region. It has historically been a stabilizing force and a provider of economic and developmental assistance to neighboring countries.

4. Commitment to Peacekeeping:

• Peacekeeping Contributions: India is one of the largest contributors of troops to UN peacekeeping missions. It has a long-standing commitment to promoting international peace and security through its active participation in UN peacekeeping operations.

5. Nuclear Power and Non-Proliferation:

• Responsible Nuclear State: India is a nuclear-armed state that maintains a credible nuclear deterrence policy. It has demonstrated responsible behavior in nuclear matters, including non-proliferation efforts and adherence to international norms.

6. Commitment to Multilateralism:

• Support for UN Principles: India has consistently supported the principles and objectives of the United Nations Charter, including the promotion of democracy, human rights, sustainable development, and global peace.

7. Global Leadership Role:

• International Engagement: India actively engages in global forums and initiatives on a wide range of issues, including climate change, counter-terrorism, maritime security, and sustainable development goals (SDGs).

8. Reform of UNSC:

• Advocacy for Reform: India has been a vocal advocate for the reform of the UNSC to reflect contemporary geopolitical realities. It supports expanding the permanent membership to include emerging powers from different regions of the world.

Strategic Implications:

• Balancing Power Dynamics: India’s permanent membership could contribute to balancing power dynamics within the UNSC, ensuring greater representation from developing countries and regions currently underrepresented.

Global Support:

• International Endorsement: India’s claim has received support from various countries and regional groups, recognizing its potential to contribute meaningfully to global governance and security.

Challenges:

• Political Opposition: Despite widespread support, India faces challenges, including opposition from some countries that are cautious about expanding the UNSC’s permanent membership.

In conclusion, India’s claim for permanent membership of the UNSC is justified by its significant global influence, economic power, commitment to international peacekeeping, and adherence to multilateral principles. Its inclusion as a permanent member could enhance the legitimacy and effectiveness of the UNSC in addressing global challenges and promoting international peace and security.