Q.20. Describe the composition and functions of Central Bureau of Investigation (CBl) in India.

The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) is India’s premier investigative agency. Let’s delve into its composition and functions:

Director: The CBI is headed by a Director.
Assistants: The Director is assisted by a Special Director or an Additional Director.
Other Ranks: The CBI comprises a team of joint directors, deputy inspectors general, superintendents of police, and other police personnel.
Forensic Scientists and Law Officers: It has around 125 forensic scientists and 250 law officers.

Investigating Corruption Cases: The CBI investigates cases of corruption, bribery, and misconduct involving Central government employees.
Economic Offences: It handles cases related to fiscal and economic laws, such as customs, central excise, income tax, and foreign exchange regulations.
Serious Crimes: The CBI investigates serious crimes with national and international ramifications, often committed by organized criminal gangs.
Special Divisions: It operates through specialized divisions, including the Anti-Corruption Division, Economic Offences Division, and Special Crimes Division.
Policy and Coordination: The CBI collaborates with other agencies and maintains policy and coordination divisions.
Forensic Science Laboratory: It utilizes the Central Forensic Science Laboratory for scientific analysis and evidence collection.

The CBI derives its powers from the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act, 1946.
It works under the overall superintendence of the Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) in matters related to the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988.
The Director of CBI is appointed by the Central Government based on recommendations from a committee consisting of the Central Vigilance Commissioner, Vigilance Commissioners, and other officials.

In summary, the CBI plays a crucial role in maintaining integrity, investigating corruption, and ensuring justice in India.