Q.20. At present in emerging security challenges, how nuclear weapons can be advantageous in India’s security management? Explain it.

Nuclear weapons play a significant role in India’s security management, particularly in the context of emerging security challenges. Here are some ways in which they can be advantageous:

1. Deterrence:

• Nuclear weapons serve as a powerful deterrent against potential adversaries, especially those with nuclear capabilities. India’s policy of credible minimum deterrence ensures that it maintains a nuclear arsenal sufficient to deter adversaries from considering a nuclear strike or large-scale conventional attacks.

2. Strategic Stability:

• By adopting a no-first-use (NFU) policy and focusing on a second-strike capability, India contributes to regional strategic stability. This policy minimizes the risk of nuclear conflict by avoiding the deployment of weapons on hair-trigger alert and keeping an arms race in check.

3. Technological Advancements:

• Recent developments, such as the successful testing of Multiple Independently Targetable Re-entry Vehicle (MIRV) technology, enhance India’s strategic capabilities. MIRVs allow a single missile to carry multiple warheads, which can be directed at different targets, increasing the effectiveness of India’s nuclear deterrent.

4. International Standing:

• India’s responsible stewardship of its nuclear arsenal, combined with its NFU policy, has helped shape its image as a responsible nuclear power. This has facilitated international partnerships, such as the Indo-US nuclear deal, which acknowledges India’s role in global non-proliferation efforts.

5. Counterbalance to Regional Powers:

• In a region with nuclear-armed neighbors, India’s nuclear capabilities provide a counterbalance and prevent the possibility of nuclear coercion by other regional powers.

6. National Security Policy:

• Nuclear weapons are integrated into India’s broader national security policy, which includes conventional forces and other strategic assets. This integration ensures a comprehensive defense posture capable of addressing various threats.

In summary, nuclear weapons are a critical component of India’s security management, offering deterrence against aggression, contributing to strategic stability, and enhancing India’s standing in the international community. However, it is important to note that these advantages come with the responsibility of ensuring strict command and control, non-proliferation, and safety measures to prevent any accidental or unauthorized use.