Q.11. Critically examine the increasing powers and role of Prime Minister. How does it impact other institutions?

The increasing powers and role of the Prime Minister in India have been a subject of much debate and analysis. Here’s a critical examination of this trend and its impact on other institutions:

Increasing Powers of the Prime Minister:

• Executive Powers: The Prime Minister has significant influence over the Council of Ministers, including the appointment and removal of ministers, and the allocation of portfolios.

• Legislative Powers: As the leader of the majority party in the Lok Sabha, the Prime Minister plays a decisive role in setting the legislative agenda and influencing law-making.

• Judicial and Emergency Powers: The Prime Minister has a role in the appointment of key judicial figures and advising the President on the proclamation of emergencies.

• Diplomatic Powers: Representing India on international platforms, the Prime Minister shapes foreign policy and international relations.

Impact on Other Institutions:

• Parliament: The centralization of power in the Prime Minister’s office can lead to a diminished role for individual MPs and parliamentary committees, potentially weakening the legislative oversight function.

• Judiciary: The Prime Minister’s role in judicial appointments can raise concerns about the independence of the judiciary if perceived as being influenced by executive preferences.

• Federalism: An increase in the Prime Minister’s powers can affect the balance of power between the central and state governments, potentially leading to more centralized decision-making.

• Bureaucracy: The Prime Minister’s control over the bureaucracy, including the power to appoint senior officials, can impact the neutrality and effectiveness of the civil service.

In conclusion, while a strong Prime Ministerial role can lead to decisive governance, it is crucial to maintain checks and balances to ensure that other democratic institutions can function effectively and independently. The concentration of power should not undermine the principles of separation of powers and federalism, which are foundational to India’s democratic framework.